Source avec lien : Occupational and Environmental Medicine, (Prépublication), 10/14/2019. 10.1136/oemed-2019-105849
Cette étude visait à synthétiser quantitativement les données épidémiologiques disponibles sur les taux de prévalence de la violence au travail (VLT) par les patients et les visiteurs contre le personnel de santé. La proportion d’exposition à la VLT variait considérablement selon les pays, le lieu de l’étude, les milieux de pratique, les horaires de travail et la profession. Dans cette étude systématique, la prévalence de la VLT contre les travailleurs de la santé est élevée, en particulier dans les pays d’Asie et d’Amérique du Nord, dans les services psychiatriques et d’urgence, et parmi les infirmières et les médecins. Il est nécessaire que les gouvernements, les décideurs politiques et les institutions de santé prennent des mesures pour lutter contre la VLT auprès des professionnels de la santé dans le monde entier.
We aim to quantitatively synthesise available epidemiological evidence on the prevalence rates of workplace violence (WPV) by patients and visitors against healthcare workers. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase and Web of Science from their inception to October 2018, as well as the reference lists of all included studies. Two authors independently assessed studies for inclusion. Data were double-extracted and discrepancies were resolved by discussion. The overall percentage of healthcare worker encounters resulting in the experience of WPV was estimated using random-effects meta-analysis. The heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. Differences by study-level characteristics were estimated using subgroup analysis and meta-regression. We included 253 eligible studies (with a total of 331 544 participants). Of these participants, 61.9% (95% CI 56.1% to 67.6%) reported exposure to any form of WPV, 42.5% (95% CI 38.9% to 46.0%) reported exposure to non-physical violence, and 24.4% (95% CI 22.4% to 26.4%) reported experiencing physical violence in the past year. Verbal abuse (57.6%; 95% CI 51.8% to 63.4%) was the most common form of non-physical violence, followed by threats (33.2%; 95% CI 27.5% to 38.9%) and sexual harassment (12.4%; 95% CI 10.6% to 14.2%). The proportion of WPV exposure differed greatly across countries, study location, practice settings, work schedules and occupation. In this systematic review, the prevalence of WPV against healthcare workers is high, especially in Asian and North American countries, psychiatric and emergency department settings, and among nurses and physicians. There is a need for governments, policymakers and health institutions to take actions to address WPV towards healthcare professionals globally.