Source avec lien : American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 65(11). 10.1002/ajim.23302
Les avantages des horaires de travail atypiques comprennent l’augmentation du temps de production et du nombre d’emplois. Si pour certains secteurs, comme les services d’urgence, le travail 24 heures sur 24 est une obligation sociétale nécessaire et critique, le travail en dehors des horaires de jour traditionnels a été associé à de nombreux risques pour la santé et la sécurité au travail et aux coûts qui y sont liés. Par conséquent, les décisions prises au niveau organisationnel et politique concernant les horaires de travail atypiques peuvent être difficiles et reposent sur plusieurs facteurs, dont l’évaluation économique.
Background The benefits of nonstandard work hours include increased production time and the number of jobs. While for some sectors, such as emergency services, around-the-clock work is a necessary and critical societal obligation, work outside of traditional daytime schedules has been associated with many occupational safety and health hazards and their associated costs. Thus, organizational- and policy-level decisions on nonstandard work hours can be difficult and are based on several factors including economic evaluation. However, there is a lack of systematic knowledge of economic benefits and costs associated with these schedules. Methods We conducted a scoping review of the methodology and data used to examine the economic benefits and costs of nonstandard work hours and related interventions to mitigate risks. Results Ten studies met all our inclusion criteria. Most studies used aggregation and analysis of national and other large datasets. Costs estimated include health-related expenses, productivity losses, and projections of future loss of earnings. Cost analyses of interventions were provided for an obstructive sleep apnea screening program, implementation of an employer-based educational program, and increased staffing to cover overtime hours. Conclusions A paucity of studies assess nonstandard work hours using economic terms. Future studies are needed to expand economic evaluations beyond the employer level to include those at the societal level because impacts of nonstandard work go beyond the workplace and are important for policy analysis and formulation. We pose the opportunity for researchers and employers to share data and resources in the development of more analyses that fill these research gaps.