Source avec lien : Healthcare, 10(2). 10.3390/healthcare10020205
Depuis le début de l’année 2020, le coronavirus 2 du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (SRAS-CoV-2) s’est rapidement propagé dans le monde entier, devenant le principal problème des systèmes de santé. Les travailleurs de la santé (TS) présentent un risque d’infection plus élevé et peuvent constituer un dangereux vecteur de propagation du virus. En outre, les patients atteints de cancer (PC) constituent une population vulnérable, avec un risque accru de développer des formes graves et mortelles de la maladie à coronavirus 19 (COVID-19). Par conséquent, à l’Institut national du cancer de Naples, où seuls les patients atteints de cancer sont traités, un programme de surveillance visant à prévenir l’accès à l’hôpital de sujets (TS et PC) positifs pour le SRAS-CoV-2 a été mis en œuvre. L’étude vise à décrire les résultats de l’activité de surveillance de la propagation du SRAS-CoV-2 parmi les TS et les PC, de mars 2020 à mars 2021.
Background: From the beginning of 2020, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) quickly spread worldwide, becoming the main problem for the healthcare systems. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at higher risk of infection and can be a dangerous vehicle for the spread of the virus. Furthermore, cancer patients (CPs) are a vulnerable population, with an increased risk of developing severe and lethal forms of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19). Therefore, at the National Cancer Institute of Naples, where only cancer patients are treated, a surveillance program aimed to prevent the hospital access of SARS-CoV-2 positive subjects (HCWs and CPs) was implemented. The study aims to describe the results of the monitoring activity for the SARS-CoV-2 spread among HCWs and CPs, from March 2020 to March 2021. Methods: This surveillance program included a periodic sampling through nasopharyngeal molecular swabs for SARS-CoV-2 (Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, RT-PCR). CPs were submitted to the molecular test at least 48 h before hospital admission. Survival analysis and multiple logistic regression models were performed among HCWs and CPs to assess the main SARS-CoV-2 risk factors. Results: The percentages of HCWs tested with RT-PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, according to the first and the second wave, were 79.7% and 91.7%, respectively, while the percentages for the CPs were 24.6% and 39.6%. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 20 (1.7%) HCWs of the 1204 subjects tested during the first wave, and in 127 (9.2%) of 1385 subjects tested in the second wave (p < 0.001); among CPs, the prevalence of patients tested varied from 100 (4.6%) during the first wave to 168 (4.9%) during the second wave (p = 0.8). The multivariate logistic analysis provided a significant OR for nurses (OR = 2.24, 95% CI 1.23–4.08, p < 0.001) compared to research, administrative staff, and other job titles. Conclusions: Our findings show that the positivity rate between the two waves in the HCWs increased over time but not in the CPs; therefore, the importance of adopting stringent measures to contain the shock wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the hospital setting was essential. Among HCWs, nurses are more exposed to contagion and patients who needed continuity in oncological care for diseases other than COVID-19, such as suspected cancer. Lisez l’article