Source avec lien : Journal of Hospital Administration, 8(6), 2019/10/22. 10.5430/jha.v8n6p27
Les infections associées aux soins de santé sont l’une des principales causes de maladie et de décès aux États-Unis et dans le monde. Les surfaces environnementales sont considérées comme non critiques, bien que des données récentes suggèrent que l’environnement bâti peut contribuer à la transmission d’agents pathogènes. Un nettoyage et une désinfection inefficaces des surfaces environnementales non critiques peuvent accroître le risque de transmission d’agents pathogènes nosocomiaux entraînant des infections nosocomiales chez les patients hospitalisés. Cet examen systématique identifie les éléments des protocoles de nettoyage et de désinfection, synthétisant les données probantes pour évaluer les protocoles de nettoyage qui réduisent efficacement la contamination de surface et minimisent le risque de maladie acquise à l’hôpital. Des recommandations pour l’élaboration d’un protocole fondé sur les résultats de l’étude sont fournies.
Background: Healthcare associated infections are a leading cause of illness and death in the United States and across the world. Environmental surfaces are considered non-critical, although recent evidence suggests that the built environment may contribute to the transmission of pathogens. Ineffective cleaning and disinfecting of environmental non-critical surfaces may increase risk of transmitting nosocomial pathogens leading to hospital acquired infections among hospital patients.Objective: This systematic review identifies elements of cleaning and disinfecting protocols, synthesizing the evidence to evaluate cleaning protocols that effectively reduce surface contamination and minimize risk of hospital acquired illness.Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted with a clearly formulated research question and systematic approach to identify publications, select relevant studies, critically appraise the research through analysis of reported data, and reported the results according to the Cochrane methodology.Results: In total, 245 studies were initially identified with 19 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Emerging categories include chemical application methods, chemical application time, cleaning type and frequency, and interventions for training and monitoring.Conclusions: Establishing adequate cleaning protocols for hospital environments is a complex process which requires consideration of multiple components including mechanical action, chemical application materials, types of cleaning, chemical contact times, education and training of EVS staff, cleaning monitoring and feedback, no-contact cleaning methods, and self-disinfecting surfaces. Recommendations for protocol development based on the study results are provided.