Physical and psychosocial work exposures as risk factors for disability retirement due to a shoulder lesion

Source avec lien : Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 76(11), 11/1/2019. 10.1136/oemed-2019-105974

Messages clés : Il existe des données probantes sur les associations entre les expositions physiques et psychosociales en milieu de travail et les maladies de l’épaule. Cette étude représentative à l’échelle nationale a révélé que les facteurs physiques et psychosociaux liés au travail montraient une forte association avec le départ à la retraite pour cause d’invalidité en raison d’une lésion de l’épaule. Chez les hommes, 46 % et 49 % des départs à la retraite attribuables à une lésion de l’épaule ont été attribués à des expositions physiques et psychosociales, respectivement. Chez les femmes, les valeurs correspondantes étaient de 41 % et 35 %. Le message à l’intention des omnipraticiens et des médecins du travail est que la réduction des expositions physiques et psychosociales liées au travail peut prolonger considérablement les carrières professionnelles.

Objective To assess the longitudinal associations of physical and psychosocial exposures with disability retirement due to a shoulder lesion. Methods In a nationwide register-based study, we followed 1 135 654 wage earners aged 30–59 years for the occurrence of disability retirement due to a shoulder lesion. The occupational exposures were assessed with job exposure matrices. We used a competing risk regression model to estimate HRs and their 95% CIs and to test for the association between the exposures and the outcome. We also calculated the attributable fraction of disability retirement due to occupational exposures. Results A total of 2472 persons had full disability retirement due to a shoulder lesion during the follow-up. Physically heavy work showed the strongest association with the outcome in both genders, in men with an HR of 2.90 (95% CI 2.37 to 3.55) and in women with an HR of 3.21 (95% CI 2.80 to 3.90). Of the specific physical exposures, working with hands above shoulder level was statistically significantly associated with disability retirement in men. When all physical exposures were taken into consideration, 46% and 41% of disability retirement due to a shoulder lesion were attributed to physical work load factors in men and women, respectively. In addition, 49% (men) and 35% (women) of disability retirement were attributed to psychosocial work-related factors. Conclusions Our findings suggest that a considerable proportion of disability retirement due to a shoulder lesion could be prevented by reducing physical and psychosocial exposures at work to a low level.

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