Source avec lien : International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(20), 2020-01. 10.3390/ijerph17207498
Les travailleurs nomades exercent leurs activités professionnelles à partir d’un appareil mobile dans un lieu de travail qui n’est pas fixe. Dans une optique traditionnelle de santé et de sécurité, la protection de ces travailleurs représente un défi en raison de la difficulté à comprendre les facteurs de risque auxquels ils font face et de l’absence d’outils pour les aider. Une étude a présenté un cadre conceptuel de santé et de sécurité au travail afin d’analyser le travail mobile aux niveaux institutionnel et entrepreneurial dans le contexte de l’Allemagne. Elle a aussi identifié les travaux de recherche en cours visant différents aspects du travail mobile.
The development and dissemination of new technologies has brought forward a rise in flexible work arrangements, such as mobile work. In the literature, mobile work has mostly been discussed from a microergonomic perspective, considering detachment, stress, strain, and life-domain balance. However, the macroergonomic or institutional perspectives have often been neglected, although for occupational health and safety (OHS) management, as well as occupational health and safety systems, many questions remain unanswered. Therefore, in the present paper, information and communication technologies (ICT)-enabled mobile work is described taking into account institutional and regulative, as well as company-related, requirements. As the literature-based analysis was able to show, existing regulations cover many aspects of mobile work arrangements but also offer starting points for a more concrete protection of mobile workers. Furthermore, there are challenges regarding the enforcement of regulation. In this regard, new technologies might offer the chance to improve the interactions between institutional and company-related occupational health and safety systems. Additionally, 278 co-funded research projects in Germany were categorized, yielding 18 projects on new ways of work, of which another eleven projects addressed different aspects of mobile work. The project analysis revealed that current research focuses on tools and strategies for designing communication and cooperation. In conclusion, the examination of research trends can be used to generate new knowledge for better OHS management and effective OHS systems.