Source avec lien : Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, (Prépublication), . 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002366
Les professionnels de la santé et les agences gouvernementales s’accordent sur la transmission par contact et par gouttelettes des maladies infectieuses. Cependant, l’efficacité des équipements de protection individuelle (EPI) n’est pas prise en compte pour la transmission des maladies infectieuses par aérosol ou par voie aérienne. Cette revue traite de l’inhalation d’aérosols chargés de virus comme mécanisme viable de transmission de diverses maladies infectieuses respiratoires et de l’efficacité des EPI.
Objective: Health care professionals and governmental agencies are in consensus regarding contact and droplet transmission of infectious diseases. However, personal protective equipment (PPE) efficacy is not considered for aerosol or airborne transmission of infectious diseases. This review discusses the inhalation of virus-laden aerosols as a viable mechanism of transmission of various respiratory infectious diseases and PPE efficacy. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews, and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines was used. Results: The transmission of infectious disease is of concern for all respirable diseases discussed (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, MERS, influenza, and tuberculosis), and the effectiveness of facemasks is dependent on the efficiency of the filter, fit, and proper use. Conclusion: PPE should be the last resort in preventing the spread of infectious disease and should only be used for protection and not to control the transmission.