Source avec lien : Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 19(3). 10.1080/15459624.2021.2023161
En France, la législation impose à chaque entreprise de dresser un inventaire des risques pouvant menacer la santé des salariés afin de hiérarchiser les actions de prévention à mettre en œuvre. En ce qui concerne le risque chimique, les bases de données sur les dangers ou les expositions sont largement disponibles mais elles manquent d’informations sur les risques chimiques résultant de la combinaison des dangers des produits chimiques avec leurs conditions d’utilisation, générant ainsi des expositions. Notre objectif est de construire une matrice des situations de travail françaises associées à leur risque chimique.
In France, laws require each company to draw up an inventory of the risks that may threaten employees’ health in order to prioritize the preventive actions to be implemented. Focusing on chemical risk, databases on hazards or exposures are widely available but they lack information regarding chemical risks resulting from combining the hazards of chemicals with their conditions of use, thus generating exposures. Our objective is to build a matrix of French work situations associated with their chemical risk. Eighty-eight work situations were collected from reports written by professionals from the French public health insurance service. Each work situation is defined by descriptive parameters of the task, the exposure, and the hazard. According to an expert elicitation method (Delphi, n = 21 experts), each work situation was assessed and a chemical risk score defined, taking into account all the descriptive exposure and hazard parameters. Chemical risk scores were expressed as a range of values from 0 to 100, with the size of the range chosen by the experts themselves according to their uncertainty. The experts’ assessments were merged to assign one risk score for each work situation, variability, and confidence. The results showed that 50% of the work situations had a risk score between 40 and 60. The average variability and confidence were around 15% and 82%, respectively. This work situation matrix constructed from French data can be used by occupational safety and health managers that have similar work situations in their company (Western European industrial sector). In this context, it may be useful to easily determine the level of risks for similar tasks and prioritize those that are most risky. Moreover, it could be used to compare and define the differences between a risk assessment performed by « expertise » and another defined by a software.